Eating Disorders

Understanding Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia: Symptoms, Causes, and How Treatment Can Help

What is Binge Eating Disorder & Bulimia nervosa?

Binge Eating Disorder or BED is characterized by episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food in a short period of time, accompanied by a sense of loss of control and feelings of guilt or shame afterward.

Unlike bulimia, individuals with BED do not regularly engage in behaviors like vomiting or excessive exercise to “undo” the binge, which can lead to weight gain and related health problems.

Bulimia nervosa, on the other hand, involves a cycle of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, fasting, or excessive exercise to prevent weight gain.

People with bulimia often place extreme importance on body shape and weight, and they may appear to have a normal body weight, making the condition less noticeable to others.

Both disorders can have serious medical complications, including heart problems, digestive issues, and mental health struggles like depression and anxiety.

Binge Eating Disorder & Bulimia Symptoms

  • Eating Disorders Behavioral Symptoms

    • Eating unusually large amounts of food in one sitting

    • Eating rapidly and past the point of fullness

    • Eating in secret or hiding food wrappers

    • Feeling out of control during eating episodes

    • Frequent trips to the bathroom after meals (bulimia)

    • Using laxatives, diuretics, or excessive exercise to “compensate” (bulimia)

    • Avoiding meals with others or social situations involving food

    • Expressing shame, guilt, or disgust after eating

    • Preoccupation with body weight, shape, or appearance

    • Dieting or restricting food between binges, often followed by loss of control

  • Eating Disorders Physical Symptoms

    • Stomach pain or cramping after eating

    • Gastrointestinal problems (constipation, diarrhea, bloating)

    • Noticeable weight fluctuations (weight gain more common in BED, weight fluctuations in bulimia)

    • Swollen face or cheeks (parotid gland swelling, more common in bulimia)

    • Acid reflux or heartburn

    • Dental problems (tooth enamel erosion, cavities — specific to bulimia due to vomiting)

    • Sore throat or hoarseness (common in bulimia from frequent vomiting)

    • Electrolyte imbalances, which can cause muscle cramps or irregular heartbeat (bulimia)

    • Fatigue or low energy

    • Dry skin, brittle nails, or thinning hair

Medication Management for Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and Bulimia Nervosa

How Medication Can Help:

  • Reduce the frequency and intensity of binge episodes.

  • Decrease urges and cravings related to binge eating or purging.

  • Improve mood, anxiety, and body image distress.

Medication Management Options for BED and Bulimia Nervosa:

Antidepressants (SSRIs):
Commonly used to reduce binge eating, purging, and co-occurring depression or anxiety.

Anti-Obesity Medications:
Certain medications like lisdexamfetamine are FDA-approved specifically for binge eating disorder to help control impulsive eating.

Mood Stabilizers or Anticonvulsants:
Occasionally used when mood swings or impulsivity play a role in eating behaviors.

Other Medications:
Depending on your needs, we may consider options for anxiety, obsessive thoughts, or sleep support.

At Skye Mental Health, we understand that recovery from an eating disorder is a deeply personal journey. Our approach to medication management is tailored to your unique needs, and we work closely with you to monitor progress, address concerns, and adjust treatment as needed. You don’t have to face this alone — we’re here to help every step of the way.